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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">GLUT-2</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><table class="wikitable hintergrundfarbe-basis infobox float-right" id="Vorlage_Infobox_Protein_2.A.1.1.29" style="font-size:90%; margin-top:0; width:350px;" summary="Infobox Protein">
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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">GLUT-2
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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;;">Eigenschaften des menschlichen Proteins
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<td><a href="Molare_Masse" title="Molare Masse">Masse</a>/Länge <a href="Prim%C3%A4rstruktur" title="Primärstruktur">Primärstruktur</a>
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">524 Aminosäuren
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<td><a href="Sekund%C3%A4rstruktur" title="Sekundärstruktur">Sekundär-</a> bis <a href="Quart%C3%A4rstruktur" title="Quartärstruktur">Quartärstruktur</a>
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">multipass (12 TMS) Membranprotein
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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Bezeichner
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<td><a href="Human_Genome_Organisation" title="Human Genome Organisation">Gen-Name</a>
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<td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genenames.org/tools/search/#!/all?query=11106">SLC2A2</a></i>
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<td>Externe IDs
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<ul><li><a href="Online_Mendelian_Inheritance_in_Man" title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man">OMIM</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/138160">138160</a></li>
<li><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P11168">P11168</a></li></ul>
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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Transporter-Klassifikation
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<td><a href="Transporter_Classification_Database" title="Transporter Classification Database">TCDB</a>
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<td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tcdb.org/search/result.php?tc=2.A.1.1.29">2.A.1.1.29</a>
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<td><a href="Membrantransport" title="Membrantransport">Bezeichnung</a>
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a href="Major-Facilitator-Superfamilie" title="Major-Facilitator-Superfamilie">Major-Facilitator-Superfamilie</a> / <a href="Glucosetransporter" title="Glucosetransporter">Glucosetransporter</a>
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<th colspan="3" style="background:#90EE90; color:#202122;">Vorkommen
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;">Homologie-Familie
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hogenom.univ-lyon1.fr/query_sequence?seq=P11168">Hovergen</a>
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<td style="background:#C3FDB8; color:#202122;">Übergeordnetes <a href="Taxon" title="Taxon">Taxon</a>
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><a href="Wirbeltiere" title="Wirbeltiere">Wirbeltiere</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<p><b>GLUT-2 (Glucosetransporter Typ 2)</b> (<a href="Gen" title="Gen">Gen</a>: <i>SLC2A2</i>) ist der Name für einen <a href="Glucosetransporter" title="Glucosetransporter">Glucosetransporter</a>. GLUT-2 ist in der <a href="Zellmembran" title="Zellmembran">Zellmembran</a> mehrerer Zelltypen von <a href="S%C3%A4ugetiere" title="Säugetiere">Säugetieren</a> lokalisiert und ermöglicht <a href="Insulin" title="Insulin">insulinunabhängig</a> die Ein- bzw. Ausschleusung von <a href="Glucose" title="Glucose">Glucose</a>. Beim Menschen wird GLUT-2 vor allem in der <a href="Leber" title="Leber">Leber</a>, im <a href="D%C3%BCnndarm" title="Dünndarm">Dünndarm</a>, <a href="Niere" title="Niere">Nieren</a> und <a href="Bauchspeicheldr%C3%BCse" title="Bauchspeicheldrüse">Pankreas</a> gebildet. <a href="Mutation" title="Mutation">Mutationen</a> im <i>SLC2A2</i>-Gen können das Protein unbrauchbar machen; dies verursacht das seltene <a href="Fanconi-Bickel-Syndrom" title="Fanconi-Bickel-Syndrom">Fanconi-Bickel-Syndrom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-u_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-u-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>In vielen Lehrbüchern hat sich bis jetzt die falsche Meinung gehalten, die humanen β-Zellen des Pankreas würden wie die der Ratte oder Maus GLUT2 exprimieren. Tatsächlich ist es der Glucosetransporter <a href="GLUT-1" title="GLUT-1">GLUT1</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funktion">Funktion</h2></div>
<p>Die Aufgabe von GLUT-2 in der <a href="Darmschleimhaut" title="Darmschleimhaut">Dünndarmschleimhaut</a> ist es normalerweise, die über <a href="Natrium/Glucose-Cotransporter_1" title="Natrium/Glucose-Cotransporter 1">SGLT1</a> und <a href="Fructosetransporter" class="mw-redirect" title="Fructosetransporter">GLUT-5</a> aus dem Darmlumen aufgenommenen Glucose-, Galactose- und Fructosemoleküle ins Blut zu schleusen. Jedoch wird GLUT-2 bei hohem Glucoseanteil der Nahrung auch apical (ins Darmlumen) lokalisiert und erhöht so die Glucoseaufnahme durch Diffusion. Ähnlich zu SGLT1 resorbiert GLUT-2 in den Nieren Glucose zurück.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>In der Leber, aber auch im Gehirn, ist GLUT-2, abgesehen von der Erleichterung der Glucoseaufnahme, möglicherweise Teil des Messapparats für den Glucosespiegel.<sup id="cite_ref-u_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-u-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p><a href="Mutation" title="Mutation">Mutationen</a> in diesem Gen liegen dem <a href="Fanconi-Bickel-Syndrom" title="Fanconi-Bickel-Syndrom">Fanconi-Bickel-Syndrom</a> zugrunde.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/IEntry?ac=IPR002440">InterPro: <i>IPR002440 Glucose transporter, type 2 (GLUT2)</i></a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-u-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-u_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-u_2-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P11168">P11168</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">L. J. McCulloch, M. van de Bunt, M. Braun, K. N. Frayn, A. Clark, A. L. Gloyn: <i>GLUT2 (SLC2A2) is not the principal glucose transporter in human pancreatic beta cells: implications for understanding genetic association signals at this locus.</i> In: <i>Molecular Genetics and Metabolism.</i> Band 104, Nummer 4, Dezember 2011, S. 648–653, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.08.026" class="extiw external" title="doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.08.026">doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.08.026</a>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21920790?dopt=Abstract">PMID 21920790</a>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">D’Eustachio/Wright/reactome.org: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reactome.org/content/detail/R-HSA-189242"><i>Transport (efflux) of fructose, galactose, and glucose by GLUT2</i></a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kellett GL, Brot-Laroche E, Mace OJ, Leturque A: <cite style="font-style:italic">Sugar absorption in the intestine: the role of GLUT2</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Annu. Rev. Nutr.</cite> 28. Jahrgang, 2008, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>35–54</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.28.061807.155518">10.1146/annurev.nutr.28.061807.155518</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18393659?dopt=Abstract">PMID 18393659</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:GLUT-2&rft.atitle=Sugar+absorption+in+the+intestine%3A+the+role+of+GLUT2&rft.au=Kellett+GL%2C+Brot-Laroche+E%2C+Mace+OJ%2C+...&rft.btitle=Annu.+Rev.+Nutr.&rft.date=2008&rft.doi=10.1146%2Fannurev.nutr.28.061807.155518&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=35-54&rft.pmid=18393659&rft.volume=28.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Eny KM, Wolever TM, Fontaine-Bisson B, El-Sohemy A: <cite style="font-style:italic">Genetic variant in the glucose transporter type 2 is associated with higher intakes of sugars in two distinct populations</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic"><a href="Physiol._Genomics" class="mw-redirect" title="Physiol. Genomics">Physiol. Genomics</a></cite>. 33. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>3</span>, Mai 2008, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>355–60</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00148.2007">10.1152/physiolgenomics.00148.2007</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18349384?dopt=Abstract">PMID 18349384</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:GLUT-2&rft.atitle=Genetic+variant+in+the+glucose+transporter+type+2+is+associated+with+higher+intakes+of+sugars+in+two+distinct+populations&rft.au=Eny+KM%2C+Wolever+TM%2C+Fontaine-Bisson+B%2C+...&rft.date=2008-05&rft.doi=10.1152%2Fphysiolgenomics.00148.2007&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=3&rft.jtitle=Physiol.+Genomics&rft.pages=355-60&rft.pmid=18349384&rft.volume=33.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
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